212 POWDEKED VEGETABLE DRUGS 



11. ANGUSTURA. Angustura. Bark. 



Fl. ex. 60. 



Augusturarinde, G. Angusture, Fr. 



The bark of Galipea Cusparia St. Hill., Rutaceae. 



Yellow brown 



Somewhat aromatic; musty. 



Bitter, pungent. 



Rather small, thin walled bark parenchyma with small starch 

 granules and aggregate and prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate; 

 numerous typical stone cells; no bast cells. Larger parenchyma cells 

 with golden yellow resin and a few with acicular crystals of calcium 

 oxalate (raphides). 



The bark of Strychnos nux vomica (false Angustura bark) has been 

 mistaken for Angustura bark. There appears to be some dispute as 

 to which is the true Angustura bark. According to Zornig and others, 

 true Angustura bark is derived from Galipea officinalis Hancock, 

 which differs from the above bark in that it contains bast fibers 

 and crystal bearing fibers. The bark of Angustura brava or Evodia 

 febrifuga St. Hil. is often mistaken for the true Angustura bark. 



12. (Fig. 33.) ANISUM. Anise. U. S. 



Bruised. Meal. 



Anis, G. Anis, Anis vert, Fr. 



The seeds of Anisum vulgare Moench, Umbelliferae. 



Fine powder a dull yellowish brown. 



Fragrantly aromatic. Anise odor. 



Numerous short single celled trichomes, and externally warty, 

 more or less bent and curved measuring from 25 to 150ju in length; 

 endosperm tissue with proteid granules and oil globules; a reddish 

 brown tissue enclosing the oil glands. Vascular tissue sparingly 

 present. 



Should not contain more than 8 per cent. ash. 



May be adulterated with fruits of Conium maculatum. Also 

 adulterated with various inert vegetable substances, fennel and flav- 

 ored with star anise. If the seeds to which a strong solution of sodic 

 hydrate has been added give off a mouse odor (odor of mouse urine) 

 it indicates the presence of Conium fruits. 



