342 POWDEKED VEGETABLE DRUGS 



91. (Fig. 98.) FRANGULA. Frangula. U. S. 

 Fl. ex. 30. 



Alder, Buckthorn, E. Faulbaumrinde, G. Ecorce de Bourdaine, 

 Bourgene, Fr. 



The bark of Rhamnus Frangula L., Rhamnacese. 



Yellow brown. 



Nearly odorless. 



Sweetish, bitter, somewhat mucilaginous; saliva yellow. 



Outer bark cells filled with deep reddish brown coloring matter. 

 Inner bark cells without coloring matter, with a few small starch 

 granules, some with aggregate crystals of calcium oxalate. Typical 

 thick-walled bast cells and prismatic crystal bearing fibers. 



Ash 4.5 per cent. 



Adulterated with barks of allied species. 



