360 POWDERED VEGETABLE DRUGS 



101. (Fig. 107.) GRANATUM. Pomegranate. U. S. 

 Root bark. 



Fl. ex. 60. Coarse powder. 



Bark of pomegranate, E. Granatrinde, G. Grenadier, Ecorce de 

 balaustier, Fr. 



The root bark of Punica Granatum L., Punicaceae. The stem 

 bark is also used. 



Very light yellowish brown. 



Odorless. 



Bitter, astringent. 



Outer cork tissue; middle parenchyma small celled, collenchyma- 

 tous; inner parenchyma small celled bearing numerous aggregate 

 crystals of calcium oxalate arranged in rows; some prismatic crystals. 

 A few rather large, thick-walled, porous, more or less branching, color- 

 less sclerenchyma cells. No bast. 



Ash 15 per cent. 



Histology of stem bark identical with that of root bark. Adulter- 

 ated with bark of Buxus sempervirens and Berberis vulgaris. 



102. GRANATUM. Pomegranate. Stem bark. 



Names and origin as for root bark. 



Very light brown. 



Odor and taste as for root bark. 



Histology identical with that of root bark. The presence of spores 

 (of fungi and lichens) and hyphal remnants would indicate the stem 

 bark, as spot fungi and lichens do not grow on the root bark. 



Ash 14 per cent. 



May be intermixed with root bark. 



