366 POWDERED VEGETABLE DRUGS 



106. HAEMATOXYLON. Logwood. 

 Fl. ex. 30. Rasped. 



Blauholz, Blutholz, Campechenholz, G. Bois de Campeche, Bois 

 d'Inde, Bois de sang, Fr. 



The wood of Haematoxylon campechianum L., Leguminosae. 



Very dark purplish. 



Faintly aromatic or fragrant. 



Faintly sweetish, astringent, colors saliva pinkish red. 



Predominating tissue of deep brown, thick-walled wood fibers. 

 Medullary rays mostly of one, also of two and three layers of cells, 

 ten to fifteen and more cells high. Large resin ducts with deep reddish 

 brown resin. Some small thin-walled cells bearing prismatic crystals 

 of calcium oxalate. No starch. 



Compare the histology of the different varieties Campeachy, 

 Honduras, St. Domingo and Jamaica logwoods. The cell fragments 

 turn blue in the presence of copper a delicate copper test. 



107. (Fig. 110.) HAMAMEUS. Hamamelis. 

 Fl. ex. 30. 



Witch-hazel, E. Hamamelis, Zauberhazel, G. Hamamelis, Fr. 



The leaves of Hamamelis virginiana L., Hamamelidaceae. 



Dull green. 



Fragrant, hay-like. 



Quite astringent, somewhat bitter. 



Stomata on lower surface only, vertical wall wavy. Lower epider- 

 mal cells somewhat smaller than upper, Large aggregate (stellate 

 clusters) trichomes of six to eight thick-walled cells. Scattered 

 through the leaf parenchyma are found a few peculiar branching 

 sclerenchyma cells like those of tea. Prismatic crystals plentiful. 

 Palisade cells and spongy tissue cells resin bearing. 



Ash 6 per cent. 



Rather rarely adulterated. 



