368 POWDERED VEGETABLE DRUGS 



108. HEDEOMA. Hedeoma. U. S. 



Entire in infusions. 



Pennyroyal, E. Amerikanischer Polei, G. Pouliot americain, Fr. 



The leaves and tops of Hedeoma pulegioides Pers., Labiatse. 



Brownish green. 



Mint-like, aromatic. 



Pungent, bitterish, somewhat cooling. 



Leaves with stomata above and below, vertical walls of epidermal 

 cells thin, wavy. Simple trichomes mostly two celled, rather thick- 

 walled, somewhat curved. Glandular trichomes typical of the mints 

 (see Mentha). Stem tissue (epidermal, collenchyma, vascular, paren- 

 chyma) more or less abundantly present. 



109. HELLEBORUS. Hellebore. 

 Fl. ex. 60. 



Black hellebore, Christmas rose, E. Schwarze Nieswurzel, Weih- 

 nachtswurzel, Winterrose, G. Ellebore noir, Fr. 



The rhizomes and roots of Helleborus niger L., Ranunculacese. 



Rather light brown. 



Somewhat disagreeable, rancid, recalling senega. 



Sweetish, quite bitter, pungent. 



Outer dark cork cells followed by a layer of dark olive greenish 

 cells. Parenchyma medium sized, typical, containing fat and small 

 simple spherical starch granules. . Numerous reticulate ducts and 

 tracheids of small diameter. 



Helleborus viridis is histologically similar to the above. 



110. (Fig. 111.) HUMULUS. Hops. U. S. 



Fl. ex. 30. Tinct. 20. 



Hopfen, G. Houblon, Fr. 



The fruit scales (strobiles) of Humulus Lupulus L., Moraceae. 



Light yellowish brown. 



Peculiar, aromatic; valerian-like with age. 



Bitter, somewhat astringent. 



Vertical walls of the epidermal cells of strobile scales wavy; upper 

 epidermal cells larger than lower; stomata on lower surface only. 

 Scale parenchyma typically spongy, bearing small aggregate crystals 

 of calcium oxalate. Single celled, simple trichomes. Large bright, 

 yellow glands (lupulin). Insect (aphidae) remnants are usually also 

 found. 



Ash 6 per cent. 



Not generally adulterated. 



