MICBOCOCCI PATHOGENIC IN MAN. 203 



with specific organisms. As to Loeffler's streptococcus 

 see above (p. 194) ; as to bacilli in diphtheria see below. 



Cerebrospinal meningitis. Leyden, and more recently 

 Leichtenstern, have found cocci in the purulent exudation 

 on the pia mater; these were sometimes enclosed in 

 white blood cells, sometimes they lay outside them. 



Influenza. According to Seifert numerous micrococci 

 1'5 2 fi. in length and 1 /*. in breadth, are embedded 

 in the tenacious mucus composing the greyish-white 

 clumps present in the sputum and in the nasal 

 secretion at the height of the fever. They are mostly 

 arranged in long chains ; their numbers markedly 

 diminish as the number of cells in the secretion 

 increases. In control examinations of the secretion in 

 bronchitis, &c., the cocci were not found. 



Ozcena. Frtinkel found various micrococci in the 

 secretion, Loewenberg chiefly only one kind. The 

 cultivation and infection experiments do not sufficiently 

 establish their significance. 



Cocci have been demonstrated in Hamophilia neona- 

 torium, and in acute yellow atrophy of the liver. 



In yellow fever Domingos Freire has found a micro- 

 organism which he terms Cryptococcus xanthogenicus 

 and which he regards as the cause of that disease ; the 

 observation, however, is evidently based on gross errors. 

 Cornil and Babes recently found in one case that the 

 capillaries of various organs contained long chains of 

 diplococci, but they could not find these organisms in 

 five cases investigated subsequently. As to bacilli in 

 yellow fever see below. 



In trachoma of the conjunctiva Sattler has found cocci 

 in the secretion and in the trachoma nodules ; he was 

 able to cultivate these organisms on nutrient jelly, and 

 when inoculated on the normal conjunctiva they set up 

 vesicular-like granules without pathological secretion or 

 subjective symptoms. We must await repetition of 

 these experiments with more typical results before con- 

 cluding that these cocci are the causal agents. 



In area Celsi, Buchner, and later von Sehlen,have found 

 micrococci somewhat less than 1 /u. in diameter, and 



