BACILLUS MALLEI. 277 



affection, and because also they are present in enormous 

 numbers, and practicalJy form the greater part of the 

 affected tissue in the leprous organs. 



Bacillus mallei. 

 (Glanders, Rotz, Morve.) 

 Although several observers have described the occur- Historical 



,. . p i 3 t\' facts as to the 



rence of micro-organisms in cases of glanders, nothing discovery of 

 certain was ascertained as to their etiological significance ^}f nders 

 till Loeffler and Schiitz succeeded, three years ago, 

 in completely clearing up the etiology of this disease by 

 the demonstration of characteristic bacilli in the glanders 

 nodules, by the cultivation of these bacilli on artificial 

 substrata, and by the inoculation of the cultivations on 

 various animals with the production of the typical 

 disease. Almost at the same time Bouchard, Capitan 

 and Charrin made cultivations in broth from an abscess 

 in a man suffering from glanders, and from the ulcers of 

 a horse, and, after several generations, inoculated these 

 cultivations with success on asses, cats, and guinea-pigs ; 

 but these observers found in their cultivations only 

 round organisms, at times occurring in chains, and they 

 looked on these as the active exciting agents of the 

 disease. About the same time also Israel made culti- 

 vations on blood serum from the glanders nodules of three 

 horses, and was able to set up glanders in rabbits by 

 means of these cultivations ; Israel obtained bacilli in 

 his cultivations corresponding with those isolated by 

 Loeffler and Schiitz. At a later period Kitt and Weich- 

 selbaum have made cultivations and inoculations of the 

 glanders organisms, and both of these observers were 

 able to confirm, in the main, the statements made by 

 Loeffler and Schiitz ; Weichselbaum obtained the 

 material for his cultivations from a man suffering from 

 acute glanders. 



The bacilli which have been described by all the Morphological 

 observers with the exception of the French investi- TheS 

 gators before mentioned are thin rods, similar to the bacilli - 

 tubercle bacilli, but more uniform in size, and somewhat 



