S8 CHARACTEl? AND COMrOSTTION OF WOODS. 



require a very fei"tile moisl soil. Mixtures of tliis liind are, 

 for instance- 

 Ash and alder, or 



Oak, sweet chestnut, ash, ehn, and others; also 

 hazel. 

 Where ash and alder ajipear in mixture, the former 

 should, generalh', be the overwood, and the latter the 

 underwood ; it occurs in wet localities. In the even aged 

 mixture, ash is liable to be killed out. In fertile low lands 

 oak and ash appear as overwood and underwood, mixed with 

 various other species, as elm, chestnut, etc. Short stems of 

 the standards are often the characteristics of such mixtures. 

 Their number must be small, or the underwood sutlers. 



Coppice n-oods coming under this heading are mixtures of 

 oak, ash, birch, lime, aspen, sallow, hazel, and more especially 

 oak with sweet chestnut. In such mixtures Scotch pine and 

 larch often find a temporary place as small standards. 



Another mixture is that of sweet chestnut and acacia, 

 generally by groups, or else acacia is likely to suffer. 



