92 'IHK SY[,VI('TTI/rT'l!.\I, SYSTHMS. 



position nr in woods of inu \fn a;;c. \\'liiit liiis Ixn-n said 

 about strong winds probably also bolds good as regards 

 damage by snow and ice. 



c. PiOihtclioii iif Wiiod. 



As regards production, tlie system compares favourably 

 with other high forest systems, especially if the woods are 

 created by planting. The quality of the timber is also of a 

 very high class if the thinnings have been judiciously carried 

 out. ]\rore especially long clran iion-tapering boles are pi'o- 

 duced under this system, to which a good diameter can be 

 added by thinning strongly towards the end of the principal 

 height growth. 



d. Effcrl upon llip Farhirs of the Loral Hij, 



This effect .differs much during the several periods of the 

 life of the wood. During early youth, before a complete leaf 

 canopy has been established, the soil is exposed to the effects 

 of sun and air currents, both of which act highly injuriously 

 on the soil. Subsequently, when a good cover has been es- 

 tablished, the very opposite effect is produced in a high 

 degree. Later on in life again, when tlu' crowns, with 

 advancing age, have been elevated far above the ground, the 

 sun is still kept out, but there is no impediment to air 

 currents striking through the wood, so that moisture and 

 carbon dioxide are carried away, and the activity of the 

 locality is frequently consideral)ly reduced by the time 

 regeneration is commenced. 



It follows that the system has decided disadvantages where 

 the supply of moisture is limited. At any rate, the produc- 

 tion is subject to considerable fluctuations. In the case of 

 shade bearing species Avith dense crowns, provided they are 

 hardy, the system yields evidently much better results than 

 in the case of light demanding species with thin ciowns. 

 The length of the rotation also affects the results. 



