(It I'HK SVI.VlCl'l/rrKAL SVSTK.Mr 



r 1(1(1 ml inn iif W'udd. 



The system is well adapted for the production of large 

 timber. During the first part of life the trees comprising the 

 upper storey grow up close together, developing height growth 

 and clean boles ; in after life they are placed comparatively 

 free and can rapidly increase in diameter. 



The system yields also an early and substantial return in 

 the way of heavy thinnings of the older wood. 



(I. f'lff'ccl OH tJic Fdctdis (if the Localitij. 



The system preserves the factors of the locahty better than 

 ordinary high forest, and deserves to be extensively followed 

 in cases where it is desired to produce large timber of light 

 demanding species, such as oak, ash, larch and Scotch pine. 



9. /////// Forest iritJi Soil-protection Wood. 



When the leaf canopy in a high forest begins to become 

 interrupted, an underwood is introduced for the protection of 

 the soil. Such an underwood must be dense and not too old, 

 hence it must either be replanted from time to time, or, still 

 better, coppiced periodically ; it should consist of species 

 which can stand the shade of the overwood, the latter 

 consisting of tliin crowned trees. 



The effect on the factors of the locality is highly beneficial. 



10. Forestry coiiihiiied irilh the GroiriiK/ oj Field Crops. 



The system of combining forestry with the cultivation of field 

 crops is very old. Originally it consisted in cutting down a 

 piece of forest, burning the wood, and using the land during 

 one or more years for the production of field crops, and then 

 allowing the forest to re-establish itself. In the course of 

 time the value of forest produce increased, and some order 

 was brought into the system in European countries ; the 

 limber, instead of being biu'iit, was utilised, only the twigs 



