CHOICE OF SYSTEM. HI 



moisture in the soil has to be aimed at. Next, the proper 

 amount of light must be given to each individual tree, in 

 other Avords, a sufficiently large and well-developed crown. 

 These considerations lead to the following conclusions : — 

 (a.) On fertile soil, Avith a sufficient degree of moisture, in 

 the case of shade bearing species, and under moderately 

 high rotations, the even aged systems yield satisfactory 

 results, and their selection is justified. 

 (/_>.) On less fertile soils, which necessitate a careful 

 husbanding of the factors of production, in the case 

 of some of the species being light demanding, or under 

 a high rotation, the systems of uneven aged woods are 

 desirable. 

 The former produce principally long and clean timber, the 

 latter greater girth. 



In many cases the objects of management favour the pro- 

 duction of minor produce, and the system must be selected 

 accordingly. Where tanning bark of oak is wanted, the 

 system of coppice is in its place. Osier beds require to be 

 planted in cleared land. The growth of held crops also is 

 only practicable under the system of clear cutthig ; at the 

 outside, only a few standards may be left on the ground. 

 Where grass and grazing is wanted, the woods should be even 

 aged, or else the cattle will damage the young trees, etc. 



(j. Iittcnsity of Manaiiement. 



The more valuable the returns of a forest are, the more 

 intense, or careful and detailed, should be the system of 

 management. 



The capital invested in a forest differs considerably under 

 different systems, it being composed of the value of the land 

 plus the value of the growing stock, apart from buildings, etc., 

 which would be required under any system. Hence, high 

 forest requires a much larger capital than coppice, and often 

 yields a suialler interest on the invested capital than the 

 latter. 



