FENCING. 



125 



the ground, which Ccauses them to rot. To reduce this danger 

 the inserted part should be tarred or creosoted. It is far 

 better to replace the short spars by wire netting. 



Frequently wood fences are made in sections, so that they 

 can be carried from one place to another. 



4. Ditches. 



Ditches for keeping out animals should be constructed with 

 a perpendicular wall (a) on the inside and a gentle slope (h) out- 

 wards (Fig. 9) ; sometimes the perpendicular side is faced by 



a stone wall (r) to prevent its falling in. On the whole, ditches 

 are expensive, if constructed so as to be lasting ; hence in the 

 majority of cases they are only used as an auxiliary to other 

 fences, for instance a wooden paling or a wire fence (d). 



0. Wire Fences. 



Here, again, a great many varieties have been introduced, 

 some having iron standards and others wooden supports. In 

 the case of permanent nurseries iron standards may be desir- 

 able, but in fencing woods, which only require protection for 

 a limited number of years while under regeneration, wooden 

 supports will, in the majority of cases, be found cheaper. On 



