266 tHOK'K OF METHOD OF FORMATION. 



small plants can be utilised, plantin«^' may be the less costly 

 method of the two. 



Section II. — Choice jjetwken Artificial Regenef.ation and 

 Natural PiECiENERATioN ry Seed. 



Sowin<^ and planting can be done under the shelter of the 

 old wood, or it can follow a clear cutting ; natural regenera- 

 tion can be done under a shelter-wood, or on cleared areas of 

 moderate breadth by seed coming from an adjoining wood. 

 The differences between the two shelter- wood methods are 

 small, while they are considerable between the clear cutting 

 and shelter-wood methods. The following remarks refer 

 chiefly to the latter case. 



1. Merits of Artijicial lictinirratio)!. 

 (I. AiU'ditlaijos. 



(1.) Artificial regeneration is independent of the local 

 occurrence of seed years, since sufficient seed for nurseries, 

 and frequently also for direct sowing, can always be obtained 

 from a distance. This being so, the adoption of the method 

 enables the forester to proceed in a systematic and regular 

 manner, doing the desired quantity of regeneration year 

 after year, and providing the market with a steady supply 

 of produce. 



(2.) The full enjoyment of light can be secured at once to 

 young trees which are hardy. 



(3.) The trees develop more rapidly than those originating 

 1)y natural regeneration, at any rate up to middle age. 



}i. iJisddran laiips. 



i\.) Sowing and planting are costly. The outlay on the 

 latter can, however, be considerably reduced l)y planting 

 small plants according to a simple and cheap melliod. 



(2.) "Where artificial regeneration follows clear cutting, tlic 

 young plants are e.xposed to damage l)y frost, drought, insects 



