HISTORY OF SIKHIM AND ITS RULEES. 29 



Besides the above there are other families of Tibetan origin which 

 form Mr. Risley's Rui-chhung {i.e., little families). These came into 

 Sikhim at various times since the establishment of the Raj, and are 

 divided into groups (named after their place or manner of origin). 

 The chief and most important are the— 



(i) Pu-Tsho-po-pa. 

 (ii) Lag-lDingpa. 

 (iii) rGod-Rong-pa. 

 (iv) Gyeng-pa. 

 (v) sTod-pa. 

 (vi) Shar-pa. 



(vii) hBar-Phong-Pu-Tsha-po (Barphungpuso). 

 (viii) A IDanPu-Tsha-po (Adinpuso). 



The above families are admitted into the Pemiongchi monastery, but 

 only on payment of heavy entrance fees. 



Of these the (v) sTod-pa or Tumu-sTod-pa, so called from their 

 having first settled in Tumu or the upper Mo-chu valley, are again 

 subdivided into — 



[a) Toi Lha-sroi-pa or sTod-Lha-rGrod. 



{h) Toi-Jam Yang-pa or sTod-hJam-tByangs. 



(c) Toi-Chhu-khapa or sTod-Chhukha-pa. 



After all the above come others, such as the — 



(2) Chombi-pa, immigrants from Kham in Tibet and Hah in 

 Bhutan to the lower reaches of the Mochu near Chumbi. The follow- 

 ing subdivisions are given : — 



(«) Lham-tar or Lha-ma-tar. 



(b) Guene-pu-Tshogs or tGd-bsNyen-pu-Tsha-pa. 



(c) Agon or Ang-tGon. 

 [dS Athub-pu-Tshogs. 



(e) Do-Shoi-pa or rDog-Zhod-pa. 

 (/) Khimbarpa or Khyim-hPar-pa. 



In the north the Lachen-Lachung valleys have been colonised 

 by other immigrants from Hah and Paro in Bhutan, who are now 

 called the — 



(3) Lopon Lhundub. 



There are other families also whose names are in many cases 

 derived from local features : among them are found the — 



(4) («) A-som-pa. 



(h) Mang-sPod-pa. (c?) Shag-Tshang-pa, 



c) Na-Mangs. 



