ITS SECTS. 251 



The Nga-dak-pa, also taking their name from their founder " The 

 owner of Sway or Dominion," who was of royal 

 ^"^ °' ^ ' lineage, give pre-eminence to the terton work of 



Rig-dsin go deni} as a code of ritual. 



All sections of the Nyingma-pa agree in professing the creed 



called Dsog-chhen-bo, or "The Great End;" it is 



Specialities of probable, however, that the Sanskrit Malm-joga is 



ymgma-pa. intended. This Dsog-chhen-bo doctrine is a purely 



theoretical distinction, in great part relating merely to the posture of 



the hands in meditation and little understood by the great majority of 



the members. The obvious and practical N5'ingma-pa characteristics 



are (a) their special worship of Guru Eimbochhe ; (J) their highest 



god is Kuntu sang fo (Skt. SamantabJiadra), " the Highest Goodness ; " 



(c) their special tutelary deity is Dub-pa kali gye ;''' (d) their special 



guardian deity Pal-gon de-nga; ^ (e) and their peculiar red hat is 



named Uggen pemhu, and(/) with these characteristics they exhibit, as 



a class, a greater laxity in living than any other sect of lamas. 



By the Nyingma-pa, the great wizard Guru P^ma is worshipped as 



" a second Buddlia," in spite of his uucelibate life. 



The ■^°rst|P of his semi-demoniac temper, and his being altogether 



void of any of the admirable traits of Buddha. It 



is just possible, however, that he is painted blacker than he really was, 



for most of the practices and rites which are credited to him were 



really the composition of the tertons or " revealers of hidden scriptures " 



many centuries after his time. He is worshipped under eight forms, 



called Guru Tsen-gye, or " the eight worshipful 



The Guru's eight names of the Teacher." These, together with their 



forms. , , , . ' ° 



usual paraphrase, are here given : — 



I. — Gum PddmaJungne,^ '\Born of a lotus" for the happiness 



of the three worlds. 

 II. — Guru Piidma Samhhava, ' ' Saviour by the Religious Doctrine." 



{N.B. — This title is the pure Sanskrit equivalent of 



No. I.) 

 III. — Gum Pddma Ggelpo, "The King of the Three Collections 



of Scriptures" {Skt " Tripitaka"). 

 IV. — Guru Dorje Bo-Vo^ "The Dorje or Diamond Comforter 



of all." 

 V. — Guru Nyima Od-ser^ "The Enlightening Sun of Darkness." 

 VI. — Guru Shakya Seng-ge, " The Second Sakya — the Lion," 



who does the work of eight sages. 



' i-long-chhen rab hbyani. 1 * gu-m pad-ma Abyung-^nas. 



' sgrub-pa-6kah irgyed. I ' gu-ru rdo-rje gro-lod. 



' dpal-OTgon sde /nga. | ^ gu-ru nji-ma hoA zer. 



