THE probationer's CURRICULUM. 295 



has jiassed this physical examination he is made over by his father 

 or guardian to any senior relative he may have 

 amongst the monks. Should lie have no relative in 

 tlie monastery, tlien by consulting his horoscope one of the monks is 

 fixed upon as being his most suitable tutor; and this tutor receives 

 from the boy's father a present of tea, eatables, and beer. The tutor 

 then takes the boy inside the great hall where the monks are assem- 

 bled, and publicly stating the parentage of the boy and the other 

 details, and offering presents of beer, he asks the permission of the 

 dbU-chhos, or elder monks, to take the boy as a pupil. When 

 ajjpi'oved, the boy becomes a probationer. 



Probation. — As a probationer he is little more than a private school- 

 . . boy under the care of his tutor. His hair is crop- 



is posi ion. p^^ without any ceremony, and he wears his 



ordinary lay dress. He is taught by Mis tutor the alphabet (the 

 "Ka, Kha, Ga," as it is called), and afterwards to 



teSooTs."""^ "'' °^ ^'^^d ^I'd ^'^^^^^ ^y '^^^^'^ ^^^ following small book- 

 lets of about six or seven leaves eacli^ : — 



Leu Idurx ma or "The Seven Chapters "—A prayer-book of Guru Eimpochhe. 



Bar-cliharf lam gse\ or "Charms to cleartheway from Danger and Injury " — a 

 prayer to "The Gruru" iu twelve stnnzas. 



Sher-phyin— An Abstract of Transcendental Wisdom in six leaves. 



sKu-rim — a sacrificial service for averting a calamity. 



Mon-lam — Prayers for general welfare. 



sDig shags or " The Confession of Sins."^ The mere act of reading this holy 

 booklet even as a school exercise cleanses from sin. Most of the monas- 

 teries possess their o'mi blocks for printing this pamphlet. Both the test 

 and its translation have been given by Schlagintweit.' 



rDor gchod, — a Sufra from the Book of Transcendental Wisdom. 



Phyogs-ichui-phyogs-dra/ or " Description of the Tea Direc- 

 tions" ... ... ... ... ... 6 pages. 



Namo Guru — "Salutation to The Guru" ... ... 5 „ 



w/ChhofW/bul— To give offerings ... ... ... 6 „ 



(/Torma — Sacred cake ... ... ... ... 8 „ 



/^Sangs hsuT — Incense and butter- in cense ... ... 5 „ 



/To-mchhorf — Rice offering ... ... ... 4 „ 



Pig-//dsin *ngon-/*gro — The First essay of the Sage ... 4 ,, 



(/rag-f/mar sngon-Z/gro— The Primer of the Red Fierce Deity 4 „ 



liKah hrgyed — "The Eight Commands " or precepts ... 4 „ 



/;De (/shegs kun Mms — The Collection of the Tathagathas ... 4 „ 



Yeshes «ku wehhoif — The best Fore-knowledge ... ... 5 „ 



rTsa-i/dung ishag-^sal — The root-pillar of Clear Confession... 4 ,, 



■ Such small manuals are about eight or ten inches long by two to three inches broad 

 and usually have the leaves stitched together. 



- The word for sin is " scorjiion," thus conveying the idea of a vile, venopious. clawing, 

 ftorid thing. 



3 Op. cit., pages 122 to J42. 



