THE " MANDALA." 323 



at an elevation of 160,000 miles from the base, are the heavens 

 of the gods, amongst the lower of which are the 

 The Hearens. gg sensuous heavens of Indra. Above Indra's and 

 Mara's heavens of desire are the less sensuous heavens of Brahma's 

 dsah■ldar^ " Paradise," /^phrul-fl^gah, and^rzhan Aphrul fZwang byed, and 

 above all these is The God of Gods, The Primordial Bnddhii-Kuntu. 

 zana-po (8kt. Samanta-hhadra) or "The Best of All" m the highest 

 Brahmaloka called Ag-min (Skt. AA-a^zsfe), (pronounced " O-mm ) or 



" The Supreme." , . , , i • xi • i 



Inhabiting the air, on a level with Indra's heaven, is the circle 



of The Eight Goddesses— (or Hlamo) the 3Iatns of 



The eight " Matri" ^-^^ earlier Hindus. These goddesses are all of 



goddesses. beautiful appearance, and are thus named and 



described : — 



1. " sGeg-mo-ma" (Skt. Lasya) of white complexion, holding a 



mTrror and in a coquettish {sgeg-pa) attitude. 



2. " APhreng-ba-ma " (Skt. Ifate) of yellow colour, holding a 



rosary (/qjhreng-ba). 



3. "^Lu-ma" (Skt. Gita) of red colour, holding a lyre symbol- 



izing music {g\v). 



4. " Gar-ma" of green colour in a dancing attitude. 



5! "Me-tog-ma" (Skt. Pushpa) of white colour, holding a 

 flower (me-tog). 



6. "^*Dug-.^pos ma" (Skt. Dhupa) of yellow colour, holding an 



incense (6Dug-spos) vase. 



7. " sNang-f/sal-ma" (? Skt. Di2)u) of red colour, holding a lamp, 

 s! "Dri-chha-ma" (Skt. Gandha) oi gxQ&rL colour, holding a 



shell-vase of perfume (dri). 



Immediately outside these goddesses, and also suspended in the 

 air, in fixed positions, are " The Seven Precious 

 ThS^-TlrEm! TMngs^^' of a Chakravartin-raja, or universal 

 peror. monarch, viz. — 



(1) hYihorlo rin-po-chhe (Skt. Chakra ratm), or the victorious 



Wheel of a thousand spokes. 



(2) Nor-bii rin-po-chhe (Skt. 3Iani ratna), The mother of Jewels. 



(3) Tsun-?no rin-po-chhe (Skt. Stri ratna), The jewel of a Wife. 



(4) bLon-po rin-po-chhe (Skt. Mahajan ratna), The good Minister. 



(5) gLatig-po rin-po-chhe (Skt. Jlasti ratna), The jewel of a 



white Elephant. 



(6) xTa-mchhog rin-po-chhe (Skt. Askva ratna), The best Horse 



jewel. 



- nn-po-chhe «na bdnu. 



