TALISMANS. 341 



For Sla7ider and Scandal. — With earth taken from the travellers' 

 sarai (halting place) fire, or if this is not procurable, with sorae of the 

 menses of a courtesan, write the monogram (?zoma) and insert in print 

 and fold uj), &c. (Travellers' sarai fires and courtesans are regarded 

 as especial places of gossip and scandalmongers respectively.) 



To cleanse from Sin of Perjury. — Write the monogram (?sa) and 

 insert in print and fold up with the ear of a hare, the tongue of a 

 hytena, and the ear of a sow, and wrap in a piece of the robe of an 

 unburied corpse, and wear it below the waist or in the shoe. 



For Bad Dreams. — With the tears or with the urine of a person 

 possessed of second-sight write the monogram (zi) and insert in print 

 and bind up in piece of tlie wearer's own cloth with one of his own 

 eyelashes, and pass the parcel through the hands of persons of nine 

 different castes. 



For Bad Omens. — With blood of an owl write the monogram (? amra) 

 and insert in print along with monkey's hair, and bind in a piece of 

 fox's skin. 



For Fever. — AVith cold camphor and musk water write the mono- 

 gram (?Lo) and insert, &c. 



For Cold. — With the three hot spices (black pepper, long pepper, 

 and ginger) and water write monogi'am and insert, &c. 



For Lightning and Hail. — With human menstrual blood write the 

 monogram (? ga or cha) and insert in print and bind in a piece of the 

 skirt of a widow. 



■ For the Nagas. — On a piece of birch-bark,^ with a paste of musk and 

 sweet marsh flag and incense, write the monogram (s) and insert in 

 print and bind in a frog's skin and wear. (Note here the use of a water- 

 plant and frog's skin in relation to the deities of water — the Nagas.) 



For the Ya/cshas. — On a piece of red silk write the monogram (? ti) 

 and insert in print and wrap up with filings of the five precious things 

 and a small dough image of your enemy, and wear (the Yakshas are 

 associated with wealth and also guardianship). 



For Seminal Emissions. — With a ruby write the monogram > 

 and insert in print, and bind it with a blue and red thread spun by 

 a virgin maid and wear round neck. 



For Bad Planets. — With the ashes of a cremated human body which 

 had died on an unlucky day (e.^., died on a Sunday or a Saturday) made 

 into paste with water, write the monogram and place on a small sheet 

 of copper which has been perforated in nine spots, and wrap up with 

 a small wooden image of a penis and wear. (The nine perforations 



' Birch-bark, though not used in Tibet, was used in ancient India and Persia as a writing 

 material. The rituals of the Magi in the most ancient Persian were written on birch-barlj. 

 See also Q. Curtius, VIII, 9, § 15, Ariana Antiqua, pp. 60, 84; Pbinsep's Ussct/s. E. Tsiang's 

 Life, p. 153. 



