MANAGEMENT OF BKOOD MARES. 89 



Quite often it happens that a motherless foal 

 has to be raised by hand. This is an easy enough 

 job, but it IS one requiring an infinity of care 

 and patience. It may be set down as a fact 

 which there is no disputing that a newly born 

 animal never needs much food. I have twice 

 reared foals which never sucked their mothers. 

 The milk of a mare has more sugar and less fat 

 in it than the milk of a cow, but the difference 

 is not so great that there is any danger of killing 

 the foal by feeding it cow's milk intelligently. 

 Most mares' milk will show not quite 3 per cent 

 of fat, most cows' not quite 4, so that the dif- 

 ference is not so very decided after all. In rear- 

 ing a very young orphan foal get the milk of as 

 fresh a cow as possible and the poorer in butter 

 fat the better. Do not use Jersey milk for this 

 purpose. Take a dessert-spoonful of the best 

 white granulated sugar and add enough warm 

 water to dissolve it. Then add three table- 

 spoonsful of limewater and enough new milk to 

 make a pint. A costless apparatus for feeding 

 the foal is thus contrived: Get an old teapot 

 and scald it thoroughly. Over the spout tie se- 

 curely the thumb of an old kid glove, and with 

 a darning needle pierce holes in the kid. Warm 

 the milk to blood heat, pour a part of it into the 

 teapot, and when it flows through the spout into 

 the glove thumb, an excellent imitation of the 

 maternal teat will be formed, which the foal 

 will suck promptly. Let him have half a teacup- 



