124 THE HOKSE BOOK. 



The get of a Thoroughbred stallion from a cold- 

 blooded mare is, as stated, a half-bred. The 

 get of a standard-bred stallion from a similar 

 mare is non-standard or trotting-bred or pac- 

 ing-bred, as the case may be. '^Cold blood" is 

 that which has not been vivified by an infusion 

 of the race horse or his derivatives and ^'warm 

 blood" is that which has. The part of the horse 

 in front of the saddle is called his ' ' forehand. ' ' 

 The bone and muscle of his tail form his 

 ^ ^ dock, ' ' and when a part of that structure is cut 

 off he is *^ docked." Where his dock joins his 

 body is his *^ croup" or ^^tailhead." His but- 

 tocks are his quarters— never his hips. Be- 

 tween his quarters and hocks are his ''second 

 thighs" or ''gaskins." His shanks are his 

 ' ' canons ' ^ or his ' ' shins. ' ' His nose and mouth 

 are his ''muzzle." Finally his left side is his 

 near side and his right side his off side. A 

 horseman never speaks of the right or left side 

 of a horse. 



Demand for draft geldings of great weight is 

 a development of modern commercial condi- 

 tions. The congestion of the streets of the great 

 cities and the increase in the bulk and weight 

 of the goods to be hauled preclude speed in 

 transit in urban thoroughfares. Therefore came 

 the call for horses of sufficient weight and 

 strength to move very heavy loads. So great a 

 factor has the big draft horse become in Ameri- 

 can commerce during the last ten years that if 



