476 



APPENDIX B 



All ties shall be straight, well manufactured, ^ cut square at the ends, have bottom 

 and top parallel, and have bark entirely removed. 



Dimensions. Before manufacturing ties, producers should ascertain which of 

 the following grades will be accepted. 



All ties shall be eight (8) feet six (6) inches long. 



All ties shall measure as follows throughout both sections between 20 and 40 

 inches from the middle of the tie. 



The above are minimum dimensions. Ties over one (1) inch more in thickness, 

 over three (3) inches more in width, or over two (2) inches more in length will be 

 degraded or rejected. 



The top of the tie is the plane farthest from the pith of the tree, whether or not 

 the pith is present in the tie. 



Class U — Ties which May Be Used Untreated 



Group Ua 



Group Vb 



Group Uc 



Group Vd 



'Heart" Black Locust 

 'Heart" White Oaks 

 'Heart" Black Walnut 



Heart" Douglas Fir 

 Heart" Pines 



Heart" Cedars 

 ■ Heart" Cypress 

 'Heart" Redwood 



'Heart" Catalpa 

 ' Heart" Chestnut 

 'Heart" Red Mulberry 

 'Heart" Sassafras 



Class T — Ties which Should Be Treated 



' A tie is not well manufactured when its surfaces are cut into with score-marks 

 more than I inch deep or when its surfaces are not even. 



