2S4 DIVISION AND ALLOTMENT OF THE FOREST ABEA. 



be protected is an additional safeguard against windfalls. 

 When a severance cutting is made along an existing road or 

 ride, it is, of course, placed to the windward of it. 



If the proper time for making a severance cutting is past, 

 and the wood to be protected is too old, it would be a 

 dangerous procedure to make such a cutting. In that case it 

 is better to make a series of thinnings in the strip along the 

 edge of the wood to be protected, before cuttings in the wind- 

 ward wood are commenced. Whether this measure will have 

 the desired effect is doubtful, but it is l)etter than to risk a 

 regular severance cutting. 



7. Tlie Sj/steui of Roads and Bides. 



As already indicated, working sections, cutting series and 

 compartments must be separated from each other by natural 

 or artificial lines. Apart from suitable natural boundary 

 lines, such as waterpartings, watercourses, precipices, fields, 

 meadows, etc., roads are the best boundaries of compartments 

 and cutting series, because they facilitate the transport of the 

 produce. It is, therefore, desirable that, in the first instance, 

 a suitable network of roads should be designed and marked on 

 the ground. Eoads alone, however, rarely suffice. In some 

 cases roads already exist, which are not suitable for boundaries, 

 in others even new roads must be so laid out, that they cannot 

 be used as boundaries, because they must lead in the direction 

 of the places of consumption. Besides, in hilly or swampy 

 ground, they often follow a direction, which renders them unfit 

 to serve as boundaries. 



The missing division lines are provided by a system of 

 rides, that is to say, by cleared strips of various breadths. A 

 distinction is made between major and minor rides. 



a. Major Haks. 



In so far as roads or natural lines are not available, cutting 

 series, and in many cases working sections, should be bounded 



