290 DETERMINATION AND REGULATION OF THE YIELD. 



and tlien seeing, in which parts of the forest it had best be 

 cut. Moreover, working plans were generally prepared for a 

 long period of time, usually a whole rotation. Gradually a 

 method, which considered, in the first place, each wood rather 

 than the whole, was developed. It is, according to the author's 

 views, the most rational of all methods, and it will, therefore, 

 l)e described first. 



Section I. — Selection or Woods for cutting in accord- 

 ance WITH Sylvicultural Eequirements and the 

 Objects of Management. 



The method now to be described has been gradually 

 developed, since Heinrich Cotta was called to Saxony in 

 1811 ; it advanced by steps, until it was finally put into a 

 precise form by Judeich ; hence, it is now known as " Judeich's 

 Bestaudstvirthschaft.'" The German word " Bestand " can be 

 rendered into English by the word " wood," meaning part of 

 a forest forming a unit of fairly the same description. The 

 main character of the method lies in the fact, that first of 

 all the requirements of each wood are considered, and that 

 the management of the whole forest represents a summing- 

 up of the treatment laid down for each wood. 



The first step under Judeich's method is a suitable division 

 of the forest into units, called woods, or compartments; next, 

 a general plan is sketched, to indicate the manner in which a 

 normal arrangement of the age classes, both as regards size 

 and grouping, is to be effected ; then the treatment of each 

 wood is determined for a limited number of years, with due 

 consideration of its sylvicultural requirements ; the cuttings 

 thus indicated are added up, and they represent the yield 

 during the first, say, 10 years, unless considerations for a 

 sustained yield in the future demand certain modifications. 



It will thus be seen, that the method chiefly aims at the 

 establishment of a full increment and a proper arrangement 

 of the age classes. Not a word is said about the normal 



