CLEAR CUTTING IN HIGH FOREST. 297 



growing stock, because this must come of itself, if the other 

 two conditions of the normal state have been established. 



Finally, an important part of the method is, to fix the 

 working only for a limited number of years, and to have 

 revisions at regularly recurring periods, when the require- 

 ments of each wood are reconsidered, with due regard to the 

 introduction of a suitable arrangement of the age classes and 

 especially the introduction of small cutting series. The latter 

 point is of great importance, because it secures a perfectly free 

 hand to the manager to take each wood in hand at the right 

 moment. 



In describing the method, the author of this manual has, 

 however, introduced a few changes. Judeich bases the ripe- 

 ness of each wood upon financial considerations; he ascer- 

 tains the forest- or indicating per cent., and calls a wood ripe, 

 if that per cent, has sunk below the general per cent. p. 

 This, the author considers too narrow a view to take ; the 

 ripeness should, in his opinion, be determined by the " objects 

 of management," as laid down by the owner of the forest, of 

 which the financial ripeness may be one, or not. 



1. Ap2)lication of the Method to Clear Cutting in Hir/li Forest 

 and the Shelter-n'ood Compartment System. 



a. The General Plan of Operations. 



This is represented by a plan, which gives the division of 

 the forest into units of working or compartments. The latter 

 are marked off by natural or artificial boundary lines, as 

 described in Chapter II. This plan enables the forester, to 

 determine, in a general way, the order and direction, in which 

 the cuttings should proceed and the grouping together of 

 compartments into suitable cutting series. The latter may 

 be a definite arrangement, but in many cases temporary 

 cutting series must be designed, which will, at the time of 

 subsequent revisions, be gradually led over into more per- 

 manent groupings. 



