DAIRY METHODS 14! 



and this whey is frequently in an advanced state of fermenta- 

 tion. It is sure to pollute the milk cans beyond the possibility 

 of cleansing by any ordinary washing. Under such conditions 

 trouble is sure to arise, and by this means not infrequently such 

 infections as slimy milk, or other mischievous fermentations, 

 are widely spread. The remedy is either to furnish separate 

 receptacles for returning the by-products to the farm, or to pas- 

 teurize them before giving them back to the farmer. The latter 

 is by far the better and is already adopted by law in some 

 countries. In all cases the whey should be returned to the farm 

 as quickly as possible. The creamery should be the pattern for 

 the farmer, but, alas, it is sometimes only a pattern of careless- 

 ness and filth, and the individual dairies will always be worse 

 than the creamery. 



In the disposal of wastes, too, many factories or creameries 

 are greatly at fault. The practice of allowing any kind of waste 

 to accumulate close to the factory is undoubtedly a fruitful cause 

 of trouble. The draining systems should have plenty of running 

 water to carry away all wastes and to empty them at a con- 

 siderable distance from the creamery. Dirty cans, or cans filled 

 with refuse from the milk, should not be allowed to stand around 

 the rooms where fresh milk is placed, or upon platforms in con- 

 tiguity with cans containing fresh milk. The water which is 

 used in factories for cooling milk should be as fresh and clean 

 as possible, and any kind of dirt in it is greatly to be deprecated. 

 It must always be recognized that although water is used to 

 cool the can only, and is not meant to touch the milk, it is quite 

 impossible to keep cans of milk in water and handle them as 

 rapidly and as roughly as they have to be handled without al- 

 lowing the water to splash upon the covers, and hence to get 

 into the milk itself. 



The milk supply company in the city is frequently at fault 

 for troubles which it attributes to the farmer. It is not un- 

 common to find the cans in which milk has been shipped to the 



