PUBLIC PROBLEMS 189 



some of our cities a somewhat similar method can be and has 

 been adopted. Cities have usually the power of making regu- 

 lations concerning the food products that are sold in the 

 market, and thus of regulating the sale of milk. The cities 

 can put into the hands of a health board, or any other com- 

 mission, the right to determine what milk shall or shall not 

 be sold in a city. This commission can then take the ground 

 that milk from dairies which their inspectors condemn cannot 

 be sold in the city. This may effectually prevent the sale of 

 such milk in the city, and, if properly carried out, will bring a 

 strong influence to bear upon the dairyman. Another method 

 of enforcing the instructions of the inspector might be by public 

 statute. This is the most difficult and unpromising of all. The 

 difficulty of enforcing laws is well known, and it is doubtful 

 whether the punishing of a dairy because it has not reached a 

 certain flexible standard of cleanliness would be possible. 



There is one method by which an enforcement of dairy in- 

 spection might be reached, and that is by statutes which put 

 into the hands of proper health officers everywhere the right 

 to give licenses to the milk distributors in the communities or 

 to withdraw them. If every milk distributor, in small towns 

 as well as in large, requires a license to sell milk, then the 

 officials would have the power of enforcing upon the dairyman 

 the demand that the dairy and the milk should be kept in proper 

 condition, and that the suggestions of the dairy inspectors 

 should be followed. Such licenses are required in some places, 

 especially in larger cities, but there is no such general rule at 

 the present time. No other general method seems to be possible 

 by which instructions of dairy inspectors can be enforced. 



Inspector and Farmer. The relation of the inspector and the 

 farmer should be one of the most friendly nature, and it should 

 be the purpose of each to help the other. It is no advantage to 

 the farmer to deceive the inspector, nor is it any advantage to 

 the inspector to be so rigid and severe in his condemnation as 



