GRAFTING, BUDDING, AND STOCKS. 107 



still projects above the cross cut is cut off evenly with it, 

 thus allowing it to fit closely to the bark above, as in 

 Fig. 29 C. Then commence to tie below the bud until 

 proceeding upwards you pass carefully, the eye of the bud ; 

 draw the tie closely under the point of the bud, continue 

 the band for a turn or two above the cross cut, and finish 

 with a hitch the same as in grafting. If this is properly 

 performed, the bark which was raised from the stem will 

 be drawn tightly over the sheath of the bud, and the bud 

 itself will lie closely on the wood where the sap flows, and 

 will soon form a union with the stock. 



No further covering is needed, as in the case of grafts, 

 but the tie will require examining in the course of the 

 next two or three weeks, and gradually loosening as the 

 stock swells, and the tie may be removed altogether 

 before the winter. The buds should thus lie dormant 

 until the following spring. The top growth of the stock 

 is not removed at the time of budding, but is cut off 

 during the ensuing autumn or winter, leaving, however, 

 six or eight inches of growth above the bud. The use of 

 this piece of the stock will be apparent during the follow- 

 ing summer, when the bud has commenced its growth } 

 which it usually does at an angle away from the stem. 

 The young shoot is then drawn upright to the stem, as in 

 Fig. 30. This not only gives the young growth the start 

 in an upright position, but secures it against being blown 

 out by wind, which would happen in rough weather and 

 when full of foliage, the point of union not being strong 

 enough to stand the strain during the first season. This 

 portion of the stock, having performed its duty by the 

 ensuing autumn, is then removed at the line A with a 

 clean cut slightly sloping upwards. The young tree is 

 now complete, and can bo trained into the desired form. 



