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THE PRACTICAL GARDEN -BOOK 



taken from this plant and set into whatever kind of plant is 

 obtainable and on which they will grow. Thus, if one 

 wants to propagate the Baldwin apple, he does not for 

 that purpose sow seeds thereof, but takes cions or 

 buds from the tree and grafts them into some other 

 apple tree. The stocks are usually obtained from 

 seeds. In the case of the apple, young plants are 

 raised from seeds which are obtained mostly from 

 cider factories, without reference to the variety from 

 which they came. When the seedlings have grown 

 The bud severed to a cer t a in age, they are budded or grafted ; and 

 thereafter they bear fruit like that of the tree from 

 which the cions were taken. 



There are many ways in which the union between cion 

 and stock is made. Budding may be first discussed. 

 It consists in inserting a bud underneath the bark of 

 the stock, and the commonest practice is that which is 

 shown in the illustrations. Budding is mostly per- 

 formed in July, August and early September, when 

 the bark is still loose or will peel. Twigs are cut 

 from the tree which it is desired to propagate, and 

 the buds are cut off with a sharp knife, a shield-shaped 

 bit of bark (with possibly a little wood) being left 

 with them (see illustration). The bud is then shoved into a 

 slit made in the stock, and it is held in place by tying 

 with some soft strand. In two or three weeks the bud 

 will have "stuck" (that is, it will have grown fast to 

 the stock), and the strand is cut to prevent its strang- 

 ling the stock. Ordinarily the bud does not grow until 

 the following spring, at which time the entire stock or 

 branch in which the bud is inserted is cut off an inch 

 above the bud ; and the bud thereby receives all the 

 : bud energy of the stock. Budding is the commonest Graf- 

 5rted ting operation in nurseries. Seeds of peaches may be 

 sown in spring, and the plants which result will be ready 

 for budding that same August. The following spring, or 



