Medicine. 801 



The various species of llernht arc much better 

 understood within the last fifty years 3 and much 

 of the progress in this branch of surgery is due to 

 the acuteness and indefatigable labours of the late 

 Air. Pott. The disease termed llydrocek has also, 

 within the same period, been investigated with 

 much more success than ever before; for this much 

 is to be ascribed to Mr. Pott, Mr. Benjamin 

 Bell, and Sir James Earle. 



The interesting subject of yi?2<??/mm^ has derived 

 great additional light from the researches of modern 

 anatomists and surgeons. Dr. William Hunter 

 examined the phenomena of this disease with great 

 diligence and success. The present treatment of 

 the popliteal aneurism^ which forms a memorable 

 improvement in surgery, is to be ascribed to Mr. 

 John PIunter. 



The lateral operation of Lithotomy y which is now 

 generally preferred, owes much of its present im- 

 proved state to the labours of the surgeons of the 

 late century. Mr. Cheselden did a great deal to 

 improve it in the first half of the century; and, 

 since his time, much has been done by Pott, 

 Bromfield, Gooch, Sir James Earle, and many 

 others. The Gorget^ Vv^hich is so important among 

 the several instruments employed in this ope- 

 ration, was the invention of Mr, PIaw^kins, of 

 London. 



In the management of Fractures and Luxations 

 much advantage has been obtained, within the 

 last fifty years, by avoiding the constrained and un- 

 natural positions formerly imposed in such cases, 

 and generally placing the affected limbs in that 

 easy, relaxed and bent position which the natural 

 inclination of the patient prompts him to assume. 

 By this means much pain is spared, and the straight- 

 ness and perfect recovery of the affected limbs ex- 

 ceedingly promoted. The efforts of Mr. Pott in 



