Mechanic Arts. 395 



and America, and which have proved sources of 

 great public utility. 



In the construction of Mills, improvements no 

 less remarkable and important have been made, 

 within the period in question. Of these, some 

 have arisen from the new light lately thrown upon 

 the laws of hydraiilks ; and others from the inge- 

 nuity and enterprise of y:>ractical artists. The nu- 

 merous experiments and discoveries, and the 

 learned writings which have been given to the 

 world, in the course of the century, on this sub- 

 ject, by Desaguliers, Emerson, Smeaton, Bar- 

 ker, and Bl^rns, of Great-Britain; by Belidor, 

 De Parcieux, and others, of France; by Ber- 

 noulli, of Switzerland; by Lambert and Karst- 

 NER, of Germany; and by Elvius, of Sweden, 

 make a most interesting part of the mechanical 

 history of the age. 



Equally v/orthy of attention are the successive 

 inventions and improvements of modern artists, in 

 the construction of all kinds of Wheel Carriages, 

 To enumerate these, and to attempt to give a list 

 of their authors, would be an endless task. Suffice 

 it to say, that the superiority of modern wheel- 

 carriages over those possessed by our predecessors, 

 in lightness, elegance, beauty of form, and conve- 

 nience, is very great, and constitutes one of the 

 mechanical honours of the age. 



In the art of Coining several important inven- 

 tions have been produced, in the course of the 

 last century, which are worthy of being remem- 

 bered. Probably the most conspicuous and valua- 

 ble of these is that by Mr. Boulton, an artist 

 near Birmingham, in Great-Britain. " He has 

 lately constructed a most magnificent apparatus for 

 coining, which has cost him some thousand 

 pounds. The whole machinery is moved by an 

 improved steam-engine, which rolls the copper 



