566 Nations lately become Literary. 



gree of respectability; so that until the Revolu- 

 tionary war it was customary for the more wealthy 

 either to employ private tutors of respectable cha- 

 racter in their families, or to send their sons to fo- 

 reign universities. In one or the other of these 

 ways, a large portion of the best scholars, and 

 most eminent public characters in the State, were 

 formed. 



While Catesby and Garden were cultivating 

 Natural History in Carolina, this noble branch of 

 science was by no means neglected in some of 

 the other Provinces. Paul Dudley, Esquire, of 

 Massachusetts, at an early period of the century, 

 made some valuable communications to the Royal 

 Society of London, on zoological and botanical 

 subjects. Lieutenant-Governor Golden/ of New- 

 York > before-mentioned, w 7 as much devoted to the 



r Cadwallader Colder, Esquire, who has been repeatedly men- 

 tioned in former chapters, was born in. Scotland, February 17, 1688. Ke 

 •was the son of a clergyman ; and after having received the elements of a 

 liberal education under the care of his father, he completed his studies 

 at the University of Edinburgh, in 1705. He afterwards applied him- 

 self to the study of Medicine, and Mathematical Science, until the year 

 1708, when, allured by the fame of William Penn's Colony, and by the 

 invitation of a relative, he came over to Pennsylvania. There he engaged 

 in the practice of physic, until the year 1715, when he returned to his 

 native country. He staid, however, but a short time in Scotland; for 

 the next year, after forming a matrimonial connection, he came a second 

 time to America, where he spent the remainder of his days. In 1718 he 

 removed to New-York, but soon afterwards relinquished the practice of 

 Physic, and became, in succession, Surveyor-General of the Province, 

 Master in Chancery, Member of the Council, and Lieutenant-Governor. 

 In 1755 he retired with his family to Coldingham,- his seat on the Hud- 

 son, where he spent the greater portion of his after life. Here he par- 

 ticularly devoted himself to Botanical studies, and to a correspondence 

 with learned men in Europe and America. Both he and his Daughter, 

 (also a great Botanist), corresponded with Linnjeus, who, in honour of 

 the latter, called a plant of the Tetrandrous class, Coldenea. This plant 

 Miss Colden had rirV. described. Dr. Colden died in 1776; his prin- 

 cipal publications are, Plant.? Coldinghamenses, in the Acta Upsalensia, for 

 1743 and 1744. Principles of Action in Matter, &c 4to. London, Dodsley, 

 1753. The History of the Five Indian Nations, two vols. 12mo. 1?'47, 

 besides several smaller works on Tellovo Fever, On toe Cure of the Cancer, 

 On the Malignant Sore Ihroat, &c. 8cc He was undoubtedly a man of va- 

 rious and extensive learning, of respectable talents, and of great literal/ 

 Industry. See Hardie's Biography, vol. ii. p. 131. 



