Sect. III.] United States of AmericcL 231 



While Catesby and Garden were cultivating 

 natural history in Carolina, this noble branch of 

 science was by no means neglected in some of 

 the other provinces. Paul Dudley, esquire, of 

 Massachusetts, at an early period of the century 

 made some valuable communications to the Royal 

 Society of London on zoological and botanical 

 subjects. Lieutenant-governor Colden*, of New 



* Cadwallader Colden, esquire, who has been repeatedly 

 mentioned in former chapters, was born in Scotland, February 

 17, 1688. He was the son of a clergyman; and after having 

 received the elements of a liberal education under the care of 

 his father, he completed his studies at the university of Edin- 

 burgh, in 17Q5. He afterwards applied himself to the study 

 of medicine and mathematical science, until the year 1708, 

 ^vhen, allured by the fame of William Penn's colony, and by 

 the invitation of a relative, he went over to Pennsylvania. 

 There he engaged in the practice ef physic, until the year 1715, 

 when he returned to his native country. He staid, however, 

 but a short time in Scotland ; for the next year, after forming a 

 matrimonial connexion, he sailed a second time to America, 

 where he spent the remainder of his days. In 1718 he re- 

 moved to New York, but soon afterward relinquished the prac- 

 tice of physic, and became, in succession, surveyor-general of 

 the province, master in chancery, member of the council, and 

 lieutenant-governor. In 1755 he retired with his family to 

 Coldingham, his seat on the Hudson, where he spent the greater 

 portion of his latter years. Here he particularly devoted himself 

 to botanical studies, and to a correspondence with learned men in '' 

 Europe and America. Both he and his daughter (also a great 

 botanist) corresponded with Linnseus, who, in honour of the latter 

 called a plant of the teirandrous class Coldenea. This plant misS 

 Colden had first described. Dr. Colden died in 1776. His principal 

 publications are, Plantcc Coldinghamaises, in the Acta Upsalensia, 

 for 1743 and 174-4 ; Principles of Action in Matter, Sec, 4to, 

 London, Dodsley, 1753 ; The Histori/ of the Five Indian Natioiis, 

 two vols, 12rao, 1747 ; beside several smaller works on Yellffiv 

 Fever, On the Cwe of the Cawer, On the Malignant Sore Throat, 



