178 YORKSHIRE. EAST RIDTXG. 



from our attempts to arrive at some knowledge of the mode of life, 

 state of culture, and habits of a people from the remains and other 

 objects revealed to us by an examination of their burial-places, 

 questions which are necessarily or in their essence tentative, it 

 is alike impossible and undesirable not to start theories. And 

 indeed no sensible evil can arise from such a proceeding-, unless 

 we attempt to square our facts to our hypotheses, or allow our- 

 selves to become so wedded to the latter that we refuse to throw 

 them aside when they are found to be inconsistent with other 

 facts which our investigations may be the means of bringing 

 to lio-ht. 



The three barrows next examined were about 300 3'ds. to the 

 east of the last three, and were separated from each other by 

 intervals of about 80 yds. 



XXIX. The first was 60 ft. in diameter, H ft. high, and was made 

 of earth. It had been used, long after the period of its original 

 formation, as the burial-place of an Anglian woman, the sole 

 remains of whose body consisted of a single tooth, found just below 

 the surface of the mound at a point 12 ft. south of the centre. The 

 associated articles however were in greater abundance, and consisted 

 of portions of the dress, of woollen fabric, in which she had been 

 buried ; three cruciform fibulae and a waist-belt clasp, all of bronze, 

 the last gilded ; a necklace of amber and glass beads, a spindle- 

 whorl of clay, and two vases, one quite plain, the other ornamented 

 after the usual fashion of the so-called Anglo-Saxon potteiy. At 

 the centre, in an oval hollow running east and west, 3^ ft. by 

 2 It. 10 in., and 1 ft. deep, was a deposit of calcined bones, the 

 remains of an adult body which had been burned on the spot. Upon 

 the bones, at the east end of the deposit, was an ' incense cup,' in a 

 reversed position [fig. 103]. The cup is If in. high, 2f in. wide at 

 the mouth, and 2 in. at the bottom. It has four perforations near 

 the top, in pairs, opposite each other. The upper part for a depth 

 of l|^in. is ornamented with alternate series of vertical and 

 horizontal lines, made by dotted impressions. Amongst the bones, 

 at their western limit, was a calcined flint flake. Underneath the 

 burnt body there was a grave, having a direction north-west by 

 south-east, 7 ft. by 5 ft., and 3^ ft. deep. On the bottom of the 

 grave at the west end was the body of an adult, laid on the right 



