496 LONG BARROWS. 



means of side openings along- the line of the mesial deposit. The 

 mode of arrangement of the stones, in the form of a ridge-shaped 

 pile, by means of which a draught might be kept up, and which 

 corresponds to the manner of placing the limestone, in some 

 description of kilns, for burning at the present day, seems to show 

 how the fire would gradually spread from the place where it 

 commenced until it reached the limit sought to be attained. This 

 complete ignition was not always effected, for in the case of the 

 Scamridge and Rudstone barrows the burning gradually decreased 

 in intensity towards the west end of the deposit of bones, where it 

 was found to have died out, leaving them entirely uncalcined. 

 Even in the present instance there was an evident lessening of the 

 action of fire, though it had not altogether ceased, before the end of 

 the stones arranged to carry out the burning was reached. It is 

 probable that at the end of the deposit furthest from that where the 

 fire was applied, there was a construction of the nature of a chimney 

 through which to carry the draught ; of this, however, I have not 

 met with any distinct signs, though there was somewhat of such an 

 arrangement in this barrow, and to which the workmen gave the 

 name of chimney. In a long barrow how^ever on Crosby Garrett 

 Fell, described later on, there was an evident provision for creating 

 a draught, made by narrow chimney-shaped upright flues connected 

 with the line of burning along the centre of the mound. The way 

 in which the ordinary material of the mound was affected by heat 

 appears to make it certain that the whole of the barrow was thrown 

 up before the fire was applied ; and though it does not seem to be 

 an easy operation to ignite any material covered up by incom- 

 bustible matter in the way in which it is found to be enclosed 

 in these barrows, yet when the peculiar arrangement of the stones 

 immediately overlying the bones is considered, it does not appear to 

 be at all impossible. The men who were employed in opening this 

 barrow were accustomed to burn lime ; and they all agreed that 

 there would be no difficulty in setting on fire and igniting the 

 deposit in which the bones were placed, even though that was 

 covered by the ordinary material of the mound ; indeed, it became 

 quite clear to them how the operation had been completed before 

 my own doubts on the subject were resolved. 



In this barrow it seemed almost certain that some of the bodies 

 belonging to the primary interments had been buried in an entire 

 condition, and with the bones in their proper order and juxta- 

 position, whilst the bones of others were in the same broken and 



