UPON THE SEIUES OV I'JiEIIISTORlC CHANIA. 629 



mediate forms, the ' Miseh-Formen^ of the German anthropologists, 

 in the slig-htness and shortness of many of the limb bones of the 

 skeletons of the earlier periods, in the very frequent appearance of 

 a certain 'ill-lilledness' in the skulls appertaining- to those skeletons, 

 and an equally frequent ruggedness in the skulls of the later ages, 

 and finally in the presence, in both series, of skulls which, while 

 retaining their respective type, were very much smaller than the 

 great majority of those classified with them. 



Questions of some difficulty as to the affinities of these two sets 

 of crania to those of contemporaneous, of succeeding, and of still 

 existing races of mankind, are suggested by an inspection of them 

 in connexion with some other skulls ; and with these questions is 

 intimately connected the choice of the name, whether 'Iberian' or 

 ' Silurian,' ' Brigantian' or ' Cimbric,' which we may for the sake of 

 convenience impose upon the one or the other variety of skull. 



The effects which the mode of life possible to the inhabitants 

 of this country in the earlier and indeed also in the later of the two 

 periods of stone and of bronze, with which we have to deal, exercised 

 upon their bodily structure, form a furtber subject for thought and 

 enquiry, the materials for the prosecution of which however, being 



been occasioually found in oui- stone sepulchres ; but it may be taken for granted that 

 the people who constructed these sepulchres belonged to cue of the dolicho-cephalous 

 races which still inhabit the gi-eater part of the country.' 



Baron von Diiben (Compte Eendu-Congr^s internat. d' Anthropologic, Stockholm, 

 1874, torn. ii. 1876, p. 691), speaking of these brachy-cephalous skuUs, says, ' Parmi 

 les cent cranes que j'ai examines du Danemark et de la Suede il s'en trouve una 

 dizaine de cette forme dont 5 du Danemark et le reste de la Sufede depuis la Scanie 

 jusqu'en Vestergbtlande. lis ont tous ^ti^ exhumes des tombeaux de I'age de la 

 pierre, les cranes sont tres arrondis, tres courts d'un indice allant jusqu'a 8i2. Grace 

 h cette forme ils contrastent au premier abord et fortement avec les autres cranes qui 

 sont dolicho-c^phales, et (^videmment ils a^jpartiennent h une race diff^rente. Ce sont 

 les cranes que MM. Nilssou et A. Retzius ont attribues aux Lapons ; et certainement 

 quelques uns de ces cranes ressemblent tellement h, ceux des Lapons que nos connais- 

 sances craniologiqucs actuelles ne suffisent pas pour y constater des differences. 

 Cependant d'axitres faits montrent que les Lapons ont immigrd par le nord de la 

 Baltique et qu'ils n'ont jamais habite la p^ninsule Scandinave audessons du 62°. Par 

 cette raison il faut attendre avant de decider sur ce point. Au reste si ce sont des 

 Lapons il se pent trfes-bien qu'ils soient arrives comme esclaves ou comme amis de la 

 race dolicho-c(^phale ^tablie de I'autre cote de la Baltique oh vraisemblablement ont 

 exists aux temps pr^historiques des relations intimes entre les Lapons et les races 

 gothiques.' 



As already stated, p. 589, there appear to me, so far as an examination of various 

 casts, figures, and descriptions enables me to form an opinion, to be two forms of 

 brachy-cephalic skulls reported to have been found in Danish tumuli of the stone 

 period. I cannot however perceive any close resemblance between either of these 

 forms and that of any one of several Lapp crania which the Univi-rsity Museum owes 

 to the kindness of I'rofessor Eichwald and Mr. A. J. Evans, F.S.A., of Brasenose 

 College. See also infra, p. 665. 



