UPON THE SERIES OF PREHISTOEIC CRANIA. G83 



and the great heig-lit which is so characteristic of the brachy- 

 cephaly of prehistoric times. A skull fig-ured by Dr. Ad. Pansch 

 (Arch, fiir Anth. vi. 3, p. 175^ 1873) as found in a deposit cut 

 into in the excavations for the new harbour at Kiel and in surround- 

 ings which, without definitely proving the skull to have belonged 

 to the stone age (pp. 174, 179), did yet vindicate for it claims to a 

 very considerable antiquity, gives a very good representation of this 

 form of skull. Another may be found in the ancient British skull 

 from a barrow at Kennet, near Abury, North Wilts, figured and 

 described in the Crania Britannica, PL 11, by Dr. Thurnam. Some 

 additional probability for the view which would consider these 

 skulls to be ' Mischformen ' is on the principle laid down in note 3, 

 p. 636 supra, gained from the fact that this latter skull had belonged 

 to a skeleton with a thigh of 20*5'", and by consequence to a man 

 of not less than 6' 2" in stature. Neither of the authors touch upon 

 this point in treating of these skulls; they coincide with each other 

 in observing upon the great height and the vertical dip of the pos- 

 terior part of their parietals. As regards the series of prehistoric 

 crania with which I am dealing, I have to say that whilst skulls 

 of this kind are by no means rare in interments of the bronze period 

 (e.g. ' Flixton, Ixxi. 12,' p. 278; ^ Jarrett, civ.' p. 315; ' Sherburn 

 Wold Prodham, ix. 1 ;' ' Paulinus, cxiii. 3,' p. 322)^ they form a con- 

 siderable proportion of the skulls from Canon Greenwell's series of 

 the late Keltic or early iron age of Great Britain_, and are entirely 

 wanting, so far as I have observed, in the series from the long barrows. 

 The skull from Grimthorpe in the East B/iding of Yorkshire, described 

 in the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, March 18, 1869, 

 by Dr. Barnard Davis, and now in the Oxford University Museum ; 

 the skull from Arras in the same locality, figured and described by 

 Dr. Thurnam in the Crania Britannica, PL 6; and a skull from Crosby 

 Garrett (see p. 386 supra) in the county of Westmoreland, may be 

 mentioned as combining the peculiarities above sj)oken of with 

 the archaeological surroundings of the comparatively short period 

 between probably, at the utmost, 200 B.C. and 100 a.d. Mere 

 etymology might lead a reader to suppose these lofty yet dolicho- 

 cephalic skulls might resemble the ' Hypsisteno-cephali' of the 

 Melanesian islands described by Dr. Barnard Davis [locc. citf. supra, 

 p. 650), they differ however from these skulls in being larger in 

 cubical contents ; in being better filled out, especially in the frontal 

 region ; in being orthognathous ; and above all, in having their 

 parietal tubera far more backwardly placed. See p. 454 supra. 



