90 BULLETIN OF THE NUTTALL 



time collecting thoroughly the birds of Eastern Oregon ; and his 

 published notes, as well as those of Allen and Henshaw for Utah, 

 of liidgway for Nevada, and Cones, Henshaw, and others for 

 Arizona, show very clearly what species distinguish the Middle and 

 Western Provinces. Although about fifty species of Land Birds 

 are given in the first volume of "Ornithology of California," which 

 belong properly to the Middle Province or to Lower California, 

 their habitats are so carefully described there that it is not neces- 

 sary to include the species hero, except in a very few striking 

 cases. 



As shown by Professor Baird from the Xantus collection made at 

 Cape Saint Lucas, the Middle Province birds become common on 

 the coast and peninsula south of latitude thirty-five degrees, to the 

 exclusion of most of the characteristic Californian species, while 

 very few of those of ti'opical Mexico occur on the peninsula, so that 

 the chances are largely against the occurrence of the latter within 

 our limits. Assistance derived from original observations and 

 investigations by scientific friends, often unpublished before, is ac- 

 knowledged by giving their names as authority. 



1. Tardus flavirostris, Svxdns., 1827, =; T. rufopalliafus, Lafres., 

 1840, " Monterey, Cal." An abundant West Mexican bird, which may 

 straggle northward with flocks of T. inifjratorius, which it closely resembles 

 in habits. 



2. Harporhynchus rufus var. longirostris (Lafres.), 1838. " Cali- 

 fornia and Mexico." The occurrence of this Eastern Mexican form is not 

 improbable, and it may have been the l>ird seen by me at Clear Lake, Cal.> 

 as recorded in History of N. A. Birds, III, 500. 



3. -Slgithina leucoptera, VieilL, 1807, "North Amierica," ^ ? Mote- 

 cilla leacoptera, Vig., 1839, "Western North America," Baird, List, 1852 

 (not of Quoy and Gaimard, which is a PalsDotropical bird). If = Sylvia 

 leucoptera, Wilson, Index, it is Dendrccca cwrulescens, not known far west 

 of the Mississippi (Cones). [^■Eyithina leucoptera, Vieill., according to Gray 

 (Hand-List), is from India, while M. leucoptera, Vigors, is from Persia 

 (Lawrence).] 



4. Sialia sialis {Linn.). " Columbia River," And. Syn., 1839 (error ?). 

 Not mentioned from there Ijy Townsend nor Nuttall, who wei-e then 

 the chief authorities. Still it very probably will occur west of the Rocky 

 Mountains. Some specimens of S. mexicana are stated to approach very 

 near it, from which Audul>on's statement may have arisen. 



5. Parus caroUnensis, Aud. " Oregon," Nuttall, 1840, by error for 

 P. cdricapillus var. occidentulis, which is very near it. 



