in Various Species of North American Birds. 59 



upper tail-coverts slaty-black. Entire under parts creamy-white, with 

 the slightest possible tinge of clay-color, varying to ashy on the breast. 

 No trace of chestnut on the flanks. Sides of head buff, strongly tinged 

 with greenish on the auriculars and ma.xillary line. Each feather of the 

 body, both above and beneath, with a large terminal spot of black; the 

 posterior half of abdomen, anal region, and crissum ai-e, however, im- 

 maculate. In my collection, from Upton, Me., August 9, 1873. 



A very complete suite of specimens, taken late in August and early in 

 September, illustrates well the development of the plumage of the young 

 of this species. The spotted feathers of the under parts, with the excep- 

 tion of a narrow line down the centre of the breast, are the first to disap- 

 pear, and simultaneously with their removal, the chestnut flank-patches 

 become apparent. Next the pileum and nape take on the autumnal 

 green, and last of all the feathers of the back and central line beneath 

 are changed. Adults of this species in fall dress are indistinguishable 

 from the young, except by the more pronounced chestnut on the sides. 



31. Dendroeca pennsylvanica. 



First plumage : male. Eemiges, rectrices, etc., as in spring specimens. 

 Wing-bands white, scarcely edged with yellow, and the general aspect of 

 wing much duller than in fall specimens. Eest of upper parts, sides of 

 head, jugulum, breast and sides, pale cinnamon, binghtest on pileum, 

 lighter on throat and sides of head. Feathers of back with central spots 

 of dull black. Abdomen, anal region, and crissum creamy-white. From 

 a specimen in my collection shot at Cambridge, Mass., July 18, 1874. It 

 is not a little remarkable that the wing-markings of this bird are much 

 more nearly like those of adults in spring than of the young in autumn. 



32. Dendrceca maculosa. 



First plumage : female. Kemiges and rectrices slightly paler than in 

 adult ; greater and middle wing-coverts just tipped with fulvous, forming 

 two narrow wing-bands ; rest of upper parts, sides of head, including 

 orbital region and eyelids, and breast, dark ashy, somewhat lighter on rump. 

 Abdomen, anal region, and crissum pale sulphur-yellow, blotched somewhat 

 indistinctly anteriorly with ashy. Throat pale ashy, with a few yellow 

 feathers intermixed. From a specimen in my collection shot at Upton 

 Me., August 10, 1874. This bird was very young, indeed barely able to 

 fly. Several specimens a little further advanced show an increased 

 amount of yellow on the throat and abdomen, but are otherwise similar. 



33. Dendroeca discolor. 



First plumage : male. Eemiges, rectrices, etc., as in adult- Wing- 

 bands very rich buff; rest of upper parts, with sides of head, light cinna- 

 mon, becoming almost ashy on the forehead and rump, and tinged slightly 

 with yellowish-green on the back. Eyelids dirty white. Entire under 

 parts pale lemon-yellow, somewhat duller, and with a shade of ashy on 



