210 LoOMis on Birds of South Carolina. 



of about " seven hundi'ed " feet above tide water. The general 

 surface of the county is a rolhng upland, with regions entirely level, 

 as in the case of many of the high " black-jack " lands, which, from 

 the underlying aphanitic porphyry, constitute a notable feature in 

 the geological formation of the State. The geology of the county 

 may be briefly described as follows : About one half gneiss and 

 granite, and nearly equal parts of the remainder mica slate, talcose 

 slate, and aphanitic porphyry. Between one fourth and one sixth 

 of the county is in primeval forest, the timber being chiefly decid- 

 uous trees, interspersed here and there with groups of large pines. 

 The neglected " old fields" are overgrown with red cedars, scrubby 

 " black-jacks," and stunted pines. 



The Catawba and Broad rivers bound the county on the east and 

 west ; the water-shed dividing it nearly in the centre. Numei'ous 

 large creeks, with their endless tributary "branches" and springs 

 flowing from every valley, empty into these rivers. 



The following list embodies the results of my observations during 

 the past three years in Chester County. The absence of many 

 birds knoivn io be Carolinian, such as Strix flamviea americana, 

 Nauclerus furcatus, Aix sponsa, etc., will be noted ; but as no speci- 

 mens have been actually taken by myself, they have been rigidly 

 excluded. 



* 1. Turdus migratorius. Robin. — Resident. Abundant in winter, 

 from October to April ; very abundant during its migrations in Novem- 

 ber, February, and part of March. Not common in summer. 



* 2. Turdus mustelinus. Wood Thrush ; " Thrush." — Sum- 

 mer ; rather common ; common during its migrations. 



3. Turdus pallasi. Hermit Thrush; "Thrush." — Winter ; 

 very common. Specimens taken as late as the 21st of April. 



4. Turdus swainsoni. Olive-backed Thrush; "Thrush." — 

 Migratory. Rather common. 



5. Turdus fuscescens. Wilson's Thrush ; " Thrush." — Mi- 

 gratory. Rather common. 



*6. Mimus polyglottus. Mocking-Bird. — Resident. Common 

 in winter ; very abundant in summer. 



* 7. Mimus carolinensis. Catbird. — Summer ; abundant ; very 

 abundant during its migrations. 



*8. Harporhynchus rufus. Brow^n Thrush; "Thrasher." — 

 Resident. Common in summer ; not very common in winter ; most 

 numerous during its migrations. 



* 9. Sialia sialis. Bluebird. — Resident. Abundant in winter ; 

 very common in summer. 



