LIVING MATTER IN " PBOTOPLASM." 45 



described. Here, too, the yellowish, shining substance, gray in thin layers, 

 which is easily stained violet with chloride of gold, forms a wall or shell of 

 varying thickness, the granules and connecting threads ; while the vacuoles 

 and meshes are filled with a liquid which not seldom contains isolated 

 granules. 



C. Heitzmann declares that living matter presents at first a compact, 

 homogeneous little lump ; that this matter, on growing, is differentiated by 

 the formation of vaeuoles into a frame-work, which includes the liquid, not 

 endowed with life ; that, finally, at a certain degree of growth, the differentia- 

 tion of a net-work takes place, the meshes of which contain the not living 

 fluid. These stages are demonstrable also in growing mildew and oidia. The 

 first visible form-elements are homogeneous granules, and the first appearing 

 buds are compact little projections, either globular or prolonged. The first 

 differentiation consists in the occurrence of a central vacuole, and only after 

 a certain development has been attained does the protoplasm appear in the 

 form of a net-work. 



That the yellowish or gray substance is in fact the living matter, is 

 proved by the formation of buds on the hyphae, conidia, and oidia, and the 

 conidia-chains. The minutest buds are, in every instance, direct prolongations 

 of the shell, or a granule contained in the interior. 



