TISSUES IN GENERAL. 115 



Muscle tissue. The reticulum of living matter at its points of 

 intersection consists of more or less regularly distributed large 

 prismatic, cylindrical, or granular thickenings (sarcous elements), 

 connected by thin filaments, while the meshes contain a liquid 

 which admits of powerful contractions of the living matter in large 

 territories. This tissue is the motor apparatus proper. It is 

 accompanied by and attached to connective tissue, carrying 

 the vessels. 



3. Nerve tissue. Here the living matter is arranged in the 

 shape of either a very delicate reticulum, with very small points of 

 intersection (ganglionic corpuscles, gray matter), or delicate solid 

 cords (axis-cylinders), while the meshes contain a liquid which 

 allows the living matter in limited territories to contract rapidly. 

 This tissue serves as an apparatus of sense-impression, intellect, 

 and sensory and motor conduction. It is largely accompanied 

 by and mixed with connective tissue, carrying blood-vessels. 



4. Epithelial tissue. The reticulum of living matter is very 

 delicate, and arranged in flat layers, which at certain regular in- 

 tervals contain a horny cement substance. The function of epi- 

 thelial tissue is to cover the surface and the cavities of the body j it 

 alone serves as apparatus of secretion, and for the formation of 

 the essential parts of reproduction spermatozoids and ovum. 



THE RELATION OF LIVING MATTER TO THE INTERSTITIAL 

 SUBSTANCE. 



This article is translated from a publication in German made 

 in 1873,* with some unimportant statements omitted. 



In my studies of bone and cartilage, t I have demonstrated 

 that the cartilage-corpuscles send numerous offshoots into the 

 basis-substance termed " hyaline," and that these offshoots freely 

 anastomose and connect the " cells" with one another. The 

 material was furnished by fresh living hyaline cartilage, silver- 

 tinction, gold-tinction, normal calcification of cartilage, and 

 inflammatory calcification after simultaneously wounding car- 

 tilage and bone. 



The deposition of lime-salts in hyaline cartilage, in conse- 



* " Untersuchuiigen iiber das Protoplasma. II. Das Verhaltniss zwisehen 

 Protoplasma und Grundsubstanz im Thierkorper." Sitzungsber. der Akademie 

 d. Wissensch. in Wien. Mai, 1873. 



t " Studien am Knochen und Knorpel." .Med. Jahrbiicher, 1872. 



