798 THE URINE. 



occupied by the nucleus, while the peripheral portions show 

 only a small number of granules. In highly ammoniacal urine, 

 voided in chronic catarrhal cystitis, the pus-corpuscles, when 

 present in a large quantity, by bursting and coalescence produce 

 a sticky, slimy mass, which can be transferred to the slide only 

 in coherent, jelly-like lumps. Upon evaporation of the specimen 

 of urine kept on the slide, the pus-corpuscles present variously 

 jagged forms, which should not be mistaken for the result of 

 amoeboid motion. 



In chronic catarrhal cystitis, pus-corpuscles from, pigmented 

 epithelia of the bladder, to the presence of which is due the slate 

 color of the mucosa, also exhibit a varying amount of dark 

 brown pigment-granules. Pigmented pus-corpuscles at once 

 justify the diagnosis of chronic catarrhal cystitis. 



Pus-corpuscles which have arisen from epithelia of the pelves 

 of the kidneys, or from those of the uriniferous tubules, some- 

 times contain delicate red-brown crystals of haematoidin. This 

 indicates the presence of haematoidin in the epithelia, caused by 

 a previous haemorrhage. In recent haemorrhage the pus-cor- 

 puscles may have a uniform yellow color, due to imbibition of 

 the coloring matter of the blood. 



Red blood-corpuscles are discoid bodies of a yellowish luster, 

 in the fresh condition, and often crenated. After standing for 

 a few days, acid urine may have the same influence upon the 

 blood-corpuscles as dilute solutions of bichromate of potash 

 (see page 64), inasmuch as many blood-corpuscles appear granu- 

 lar with low, and distinctly reticular with high powers. By the 

 addition of a solution of chromic acid the same result may be 

 obtained, though, as a rule, much less marked, and most of the 

 red blood-corpuscles after treatment with chromic acid appear as 

 pale, apparently structureless, double-contoured circles. 



Extravasated blood, if retained within the tissues, changes to 

 hwmatoidin, which appears both in the shape of minute, oblong 

 rhombs, and needle-shaped, sometimes stellate, crystals of a brill- 

 iant red-brown color. Such crystals may be observed, as before 

 mentioned, in the interior of pus-corpuscles. In a case of chronic 

 abscess of the kidney I have seen large quantities of haematoidin 

 admixed with the pus ; the chronic condition could be diagnosed 

 mainly from the presence of haematoidin. 



Shreds of connective tissue are of frequent occurrence in the 

 sediment of urine. They are seen either as delicate bundles or 

 as bulky shreds, containing, in the latter instance, a varying 



