THE URINE. 



805 



The ht/aline and epithelial casts not the desquamated epi- 

 thelial tubes, but hyaline casts studded with epithelia indicate 

 acute croupous nephritis. They sometimes have a yellow color, 

 and a slightly increased refracting power, owing to their imbibi- 

 tion of the coloring matter of the blood. 



The Uood-casts show haemorrhage within the kidney; a larger 

 number of such casts almost always foretells, more certainly in 



II 



FIG. ;iG7. VARIETIES OF CASTS IN ACUTE CROUPOUS NEPHRITIS. 



The series a shows casts from convoluted tubules of the second order; the series 6, casts 

 from the narrow portion of the loop-tubules; the series c, casts from the straight collecting 

 tubules. Jf, hyaline casts ; K, epithelial casts ; B, blood-casts. .Magnified 500 diameters, 



adults than in children, fatal termination in a short period of 

 time. If blood-casts have been retained in the tubules for some 

 time, the blood-corpuscles lose their shape, and the cast has the 

 appearance of a dark red-brown, granular cluster. 



Granular, fatty, and waxy casts appear in the protracted, 



