GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE. 



Jan. 1. 



ble you very much to get it exactly. But how 

 is it with standard time? Why, our scientific 

 men can tell you when it is noon to the trac- 

 tional part of a second.* You will find some- 

 thing on this subject in Gleanings for 1891, 

 Nov 15, page 89U. Well, by the aid of our won- 

 derful system of telegraph lines we have clocks 

 in all our cities and towns so perfectly regu- 

 lated by electricity that the actual pulmtwHs 

 are in perfect harmony. The people of Medina 

 are well aware of the fact that there is a beau- 

 tiful and expensive timepiece on one of our 

 business streets that is never a traction ot a 

 second out of the way, and yet the greater part 

 of them refuse to avail themselves of this won- 

 derful achievement in science and— common 

 sense. Why. I often say, from the bottom of 

 my heart, " May God be praised that our bnit^ 

 ed States of America has at length inaugurated 

 such a perfect, accurate system of unilorm 

 time, that may easily be adopted wh.-rever rail- 

 roads and telegraphs have pushed their way. 





GARDENING FOR DECEMRER. 



In our issue for Nov. 1, 1892, page 8i:i, I spoke 

 of having four rows of carrots 400 teet long. 

 Well during the past season we had live rows 

 on the same ground; but the wetness drowned 

 out the lower end so much that there were 

 hardly four good rows. The carrots were sown 

 ouite thickly, as before, and the ground is some 

 of our heaviest manured market - garden 

 o-round. It is a gravelly loam, and quite a good 

 nart of it is right through where Champion 

 Brook used to run before I made a deep straight 

 channel, so as to take the water oft from this 

 rich bottom ground. Well, you notice that, 

 last year, I was quite elated because I got .iO 

 bushels of carrots from these four rows. Now 

 take a good big breath to get ready tor the an- 

 nouncement I am going to make. Last Satur- 

 day Dec. Ki. we dug 110 bushels ot carrots on 

 this same ground. At 40 cents a bushel this 



* Somebody said last evening, tliat, as tlie railroad 

 people wereobliged to get their standard time from 

 the sun. after all, what does it amount to, even it 

 the sun iS very erratic in its (apparput) movements . 

 But hold on! my good friends, who are inehned 

 iust now to worship tlie sun. Astronomers, and 

 icientiti<- and railroad men, do not get their time 

 from the sun. They use what is caled sideria , or 

 star time. A star comes to any given meridian 

 every day owing to tlie uncliangmg rewlution of 

 the eartlf, at ,J,ctlu the same Instant. That cou- 

 sUtutes H siderial day,oraday having 33 hours 55 

 minutes and v'.;:,",, ot a second. This gives an invari- 

 able standard of time measure, just as we have a 

 permanent standard yardstick, or standard pound 

 5r gallon See our issue referred to above. Our 

 stenographer, who, by the way. has assisted me 

 Quite a little on the astronomical points of Iin 

 discussion, here suggests that a very eonsiderahle 

 portion of the people of the world live north oil he 

 67th parallel of latitude, where the sun at, tins time 

 of the year does not appear for over 24 hours at a 

 stretch.'and where, in June, it does not set for at 

 least 36 hours-" God's time "too; and wu bin the 

 limits of civilization the sun does not appear tor 

 weeks. Here the stars are an absolute necessity. 



I have been infoimed that, the reason wliy the 

 laws of the State of Ohio took h.ild of the matter 

 WHS that the question came up in regard to insur- 

 ance Sometimes ., l.uil.ling takes tire just 15 min- 

 utes after the company claims the policy has expir- 

 ed Now, then, were you insured by sun time or 

 standard ? and what has the law to say in regard to 

 the matter ? 



would make about $1440 per acre, even at the 

 low price of 40 cents a bushel. 1 have noticed 

 for years that carrots on this ground, if sown 

 quite thickly, would still make a good size, 

 even when they were so close that they crowd- 

 ed each other almost out of the ground, and 

 squeezed each other almost outof shape. But for 

 feeding horses and cattle this does not matter 

 so very much. We have sold 2.5 bushels at 40 

 cents- but our horses, and, in fact, all kinds of 

 stock] eat them with such avidity that we do 

 not care very much whether we sell all the 

 others or not. This ground seems to be partic- 

 ularly adapted to carrots. They get down 

 through the loose gravel easily; and the rich 

 bottom land, a good deal of which is mud left 

 from the overflows, seems to furnish fertility. 

 I'erhaps you may wonder why we waited till 

 the middle of December before we liarvested 

 them Well, they were growing so beautifully 

 that i hadn't the heart to pull them up; and, 

 in fact, they did not do much if any thing un- 

 til the late rains came; and the first thing I 

 knew December came down upon us with its 

 frosts and snows. We tried to get at them 

 Thanksgiving day; but nobody wantea to 

 work- and the next time when the weathei 

 was really fit was the day 1 have mentioned 

 We pulled a lot of turnips the same day. Thej 

 were not hurt at all. or very few of them were 

 and the rest of them seemed to be really bettei 

 for the frosting they got. We pulled them 

 tops and all, and piled them in potato-boxes 

 Then a stout team with a low sled went righ 

 past the boxes, setting from 16 to 20 on the sled 

 Of course, this is not very much of a load; bu 

 the team needed exercise, and it saved the inei 

 a great deal of heavy lifting. 



When they commenced on the carrots I aske( 

 them if they were sure there were 25 bushels ti 

 fill the Older. The man who drove the tear 

 told me there would be over 50. Then he sail 

 there would be 75. But the more they pulled 

 the more there seemed to be in the grounc 

 Pretty soon he announced there were over 100 

 and you may be sure I had one of my happ 

 surprises when they announced that they hai 

 covered lip in the tbolhouse over 140 busheh 

 tops and all. After the tops were taken off, w 

 had just about 110 bushels of carrots. 



Well, there was some other work we did o 

 that warm Saturday. There were two lots c 

 celery outdoors. These were deeply banked up 

 it is true; in fact, the earth had been gradual! 

 thrown up around them until only a little bite 

 the tops was above the ground. The Weathe 

 Bureau notified us that a cold wave would se 

 in Saturday night, and the last of the celer 

 was dug during a pretty severe snowstorn 

 As the tops were all frozen and black, I took 

 sickle and thrust it under the earth so as t 

 slice off the black dead frozen tops. 1 did nc 

 want these carried into the cellar, because the 

 would cause the rest of it to rot. The celer 

 was then dug, and packed in potato-boxes, as 

 have before m(>ntioned. The quality is t rett 

 fair; but cutting off all the frozen portion 

 leaves it in rather untidy shape, and it hast 

 be sold at 5 cents per lb., while we get 10 cent 

 for the best. The reason why the celery wa 

 leftout so long was the same as with the cai 

 rots. It was growing so beautifully, and th 

 weather was so fine, that I could not heart 

 disturb it. (ienerally it will do very well t 

 leave carrots until an open spell in Decembe 

 as they do not seem to be hurt a particle; bi 

 with turnips it is rather risky, as I have somt 

 times had them injured, even as early as tbj 

 first of December; and in our locality I thin 

 celery sliould be fixed up for winter befoi 

 Thanksgiving. , ^ .,. , r , 



I am greatly pleased with our plan of pach 



