148 THE STOCK owner's ADVISEE. 



of the impossibility of keeping the parts in a state of complete 

 rest. 



Radius and Ulna. — The radius and ulna are fractured by 

 direct violence, as the olecranon by muscular contraction. In 

 dogs this fracture is not at all uncommon. The olecranon is 

 fractured transversely by over-extension; it snaps across about 

 its middle. 



Symptoms. — There will be immediate and great lameness; the 

 animal will stand with the whole limb in an exceedingly relaxed 

 and semi-flexed condition with almost total inability to move it 



Fig. 27 — Fracture of the Humerus. 



or support any weight upon it. Owing to the immediate swell- 

 ing it becomes a matter of great difficulty to form a correct 

 diagnosis. ]\Ir. Anderson, of Glasgow, has discovered an almost 

 unfailing mode of diagnosing this fracture, as follows: Let the 

 examiner place his knee firmly against the patient's injured leg; 

 by firm pressure straighten the semi-flexed leg, and keep it in 

 that position while an assistant is directed to lift up the horse's 

 opposite forefoot. If the olecranon is fractured, the patient is 

 unable to stand; but if there is merely laceration, he will be able 

 to bear his weight with the assistance at the knee given by the 

 examiner, 



