DISEASES OF THE BONES. 167 



Symptoms. — The first symptom is a dribbling of urine from the 

 umbilical cord. The patient will be still lame in one or more 

 joints; the affected parts are swollen, hot and tender; the respira- 

 tion is hurried, the joints enlarge and suppurate, and the dis- 

 charge is complicated with open joint; abscesses form on various 

 parts of the body, the patient loses flesh, is unable to rise, and 

 dies a miserable death. 



Treatment. — It may possibly be overcome in some cases. The 

 system should be toned up. Attention must be paid to the state 

 of the digestive organs. Four ounces of castor oil, with two 

 drachms of carbonate of soda, may be given; lime water may be 

 used in the milk. Care must be taken to see that the patient 

 suckles its mother sufficiently often, and if he be unable to stand, 

 he must be lifted up. The mother must rest from work and be 

 supplied with good food. If she has not sufiicient milk, the defi- 

 ciency must be supplied with cow's milk. The patient should be 

 kept quiet, and the parts gently stimulated, etc. 



CARIES. 



Caries is an ulceration, or death of bone in small particles. 

 Caries may, or may not, be accompanied by a discharge. As a 

 rule, when there is ulceration of bone, with a discharge -of pus, it 

 is the result of external injury; there is actual death of a layer 

 of bone. The discharge is very offensive, due to the presence of 

 sulphureted hydrogen. On going to the bottom of a sinus the 

 presence of a carious bone may be at once detected by the sense 

 of touch. 



Caries commences in the interior of a l)ono and makes its way 

 outward; the bones acquire a red liue, tlic articular surface be- 

 coming soft; the laminal layer and articular cartilage are re- 

 moved, exposing the cancellated structure, from which vascular 

 processes shoot out in the form of red teat-like granulations; the 

 surface of the opposing bone, forming the articulation, becomes 

 similarly diseased, the granulations from the one bone coalesce 

 with those from the other and form a vascular connection be- 



