266 THE STOCK owner's ADVISER. 



capped hock, capped elbow, and other serous abscesses. Serous 

 abscesses are soft tumors formed by an effusion of serum. When 

 they form on the elbow, the best treatment is puncture of the 

 tumor, to be afterward injected with iodine solution. The wound 

 should be kept open until the cavity is destroyed. 



When cysts have become consolidated they may be removed 

 by excision, or by puncturing the tumor in several places, and 

 inserting equal parts of arsenic and corrosive sublimate. After 

 the slough caused by the application has been removed, it should 

 be kept clean for a few days, and then reapply the caustic. If 

 excision with the knife is preferred the incision should be made 

 in a perpendicular direction. 



CAPPED ELBOW AND HOCK. 



Capped elbow is caused by the animal lying upon the heels of 

 the shoe. The treatment is removal of the cause, and if serum is 

 present it should be opened. 



Capped Hocks. — The treatment of capped hocks is different; 

 if the enlargement is not very unsightly it is best to leave it 

 alone. If it is decided to reduce it, a seton should be inserted 

 through it and allowed to remain for two weeks. Repeated ap- 

 plication of iodine will reduce it. If possible the horse should be 

 turned out on grass. Collections of fluid forming cysts in front 

 of the patella and knees may be opened with safety. When they 

 occur on the knees of horned cattle, from lying on hard floors, 

 they may be removed by the seton, and bandaged to prevent 

 bruising while the patient is lying down. Cysts occur in the 

 ovaries, mammary gland, thyroid bodies, and mucous mem- 

 branes. 



THE SARCOMATA. 



The sarcomata are by far the most common forms of malig- 

 nant tumors met with in veterinary practice. When cut into 

 they are of a soft, brain-like consistence, of a reddish white or 

 gray color, very vascular. They vary in consistence from hard- 



