44G THE STOCK OWWEU'S ADVISER. 



to the milker, if he is not already protected by previous vaccina- 

 tion. The flow of milk is arrested to a certain extent, and there 

 is a rise in the temperature. Pyrexia is always present. The 

 disease seldom or never proves fatal in this country. In hot 

 climates, however, it is more severe; the symptoms being suc- 

 ceeded by abdominal pain, profuse diarrhoea, rapid wasting of 

 flesh, and death. 



Treatmext. — In severe cases a laxative may be given, and 

 carbolized oil used locally, or the calamine ointment may be used. 

 Great care must; be exercised to prevent exposure to draughts of 

 cold air. The animal should be isolated from the rest of the herd. 

 When once the disease breaks out in a dairy, it is apt to spread 

 to the whole herd unless precaution be taken by separating all 

 affected animals and the employment of separate attendants. The 

 milker of an affected cow should not touch a healthy one. The 

 milk should be drawn off with a teat syphon, and if the mammary 

 gland becomes much swollen, fomentations should be used, with 

 treatment as in a case of mammitis. 



The contagium of variola vaccinae is an extremely small form 

 of micrococcus, usually called the diplococcus variohie et vaccinae. 

 Jenner was the first investigator who discovered the identity of 

 cow-pox and small-pox. The results of his investigations have 

 saved the lives of millions of the human race. 



ANTHRAX. 



The symptoms of anthrax fever in the ox are similar to those 

 in the horse. For full information as to the nature of the disease, 

 see Anthrax of the Horse. The ox suddenly goes off its feed; 

 rumination is suspended; there are rigors and tremblings, and 

 partial sweats bedew the bod}^, which is alternately hot and cold. 

 The gait becomes staggering, and the animal rapidly exhausted. 

 The animal lies down and is not able to rise. He looks to the 

 sides, falls into convulsions, and may expel soft, bloody matter 

 by the anus. The heart beats violently, the pulse is small, rapid, 

 and intermittent; the conjunctiva shows a blackish-red tint; the 



