538 THE STOCK owner's ADVISEE. 



CATARACT. 



Cataract consists of a partial or complete opacity of the crystal- 

 line lense, due to various causes. In the horse it is generally due 

 to periodic ophthalmia. It may be caused by old age, hard work, 

 and bad breeding. When seen in young dogs it is generally 

 caused by blows and injuries to the head. 



Treatment. — Treatment of this disease is very unsatisfactory, 

 and usually terminates in opacity of the lense. Therefore, I 

 advise no treatment. 



EXTIRPATION OF THE EYE. 



I have found a simple spoon to be the best instrument for re- 

 moving the eye. The attachment of the muscles to the orbit 

 may be easily disengaged by a firm pressure of the spoon. An- 

 other method of removing is by passing a curved needle through 

 the eye. This will assist in making the excision with the scalpel. 

 The hemorrhage from the operation is trifling. If the eye has 

 been extirpated on account of a malignant disease, the actual 

 cauter should be used on the parts. 



ULCERATION OF THE EYELIDS. 



This occurs in old or ill-fed animals. The lids become en- 

 larged and tender. The lashes fall out and the edges present an 

 angry, red appearance. 



Treatment. — Tincture belladonna, one drachm; opium, a half 

 ounce; zinc sulphate, forty grains; water, four ounces, should 

 be used on the eye. I-ater it may be necessary to touch the parts 

 with the nitrate of silver. If the lids arc considerably swollen 

 they may be scarified. Fomentations are useful. AVarts on the 

 lids of the eyes may be excised and the wound touched with the 

 nitrate of silver. 



