LXYI. 



POISONS AND THEIR ANTIDOTES. 



ACIDS. 



Acetic, citric, muriatic, and tartaric acids require alkalies as 

 antidotes, such as carbonate of soda, potash, lime, and magnesia. 

 As soon as the acids are neutralized, mucilaginous teas, such as 

 flaxseed, gum arable, or slippery elm, may be given. Sulphuric 

 acid requires soap in solution, or magnesia, as an antidote. Nitric 

 acid poison is counteracted by lime water, carbonate of lime, and 

 magnesia in solution. For carbolic acid there is no special anti- 

 dote. Oil, glycerine, milk, flour and water, white of eggs, mag- 

 nesia, and flaxseed tea may be used. Prussic acid, laurel water, 

 and oil of bitter almonds are the most deadly poisons. Cold 

 should be applied to the head and ammonia inhaled. If prussic 

 acid is taken internally in poisonous doses it will kill almost in- 

 stantly. Copper and its compounds, blue vitrei, and verdegris 

 may be counteracted by giving yellow prussiate of potash in 

 solution. Albuminous substances should be given, such as milk, 

 white of eggs, Avheat flour in water or magnesia. 



Arsenic and its compounds are the most common poisons. 

 Paris green, the well-known potato-bug killer, frequently poisons 

 cows. The cow will eat almost anything, and if allowed to get at 

 a tub in which Paris green has been mixed she will lick it as 

 though it were meal. Under the arsenical compounds we have 

 white arsenic, yellow sulphate of arsenic, red sulphate of arsenic, 

 king's yellow, and fly powder; arsenical paste, soap, Scheel's 

 green, and Paris green. Their antidotes are oils, fats, lard, melted 

 butter, and milk. In animals that vomit, the stomach should be 

 evacuated by giving zinc sulphate or mustard. Mucilaginous 

 drinks may be given as soon as the stomach is evacuated. Fine 



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